Diversity and Discrimination with notes (हिंदी में) || Class 6 Chapter 2 Politics ||
Chapter 2, Class 6
Diversity and Discrimination
Dominant (प्रभावशाली) – Powerful or noticeable than other
things, more important
Exploitation
(शोषण) – making use of & deriving benefit
from a resource
Narrow-minded
– limited thinking
Self-esteem
(आत्म सम्मान) – confidence in one’s own abilities
Bias (पक्षपात) – against one thing or person
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Differences
2.
Every
religion is practised in India.
5.
All
these terms referred to Differences
6. Differences can be defined on the basis of
comparison or classified
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1.
It
means to judge other people negatively or create negative
opinions (विचार) or see them as inferior (नीचा or वह जो पद या स्थान में कम हो) without actually knowing anything
about them.
2.
E.g. Prejudiced can be about many
things: people's religious beliefs, the colour of their skin, the region they
come from, the accent (स्वर) they speak in, the clothes they
wear etc
1. A stereotype is a bunch (समूह) of traits (लक्षण) that is
associated (जोड़ना) with all
members of a specific social group.
2.
It
influences (प्रभावित करना) our behavior & thinking skills i.e. how we determine facts (सच्चाई)
3. E.g. girls are friendly, sensitive (नाजुक) &
emotional, while boys are ambitious (महत्वाकांक्षी), tough & dominating
Inequality and Discrimination
1. Discrimination (भेदभाव) means treating people differently or negatively on grounds of
age, disability, gender, income, nationality, colour or religion.
2. Discrimination
happens when people treat on the basis of prejudices (पूर्वाग्रह) or stereotypes (रूढ़िवादी).
3. E.g. some people are not allowed to
enter temples or schools, drink water from taps & wells but used by others
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On being discriminated against
1.
Some people do different kinds of
work like teaching, carpentry, pottery, weaving, fishing, farming etc. to earn
a livelihood (रोजगार).
2. However,
certain kinds of work are valued more than others.
3. Activities
like cleaning, washing, cutting hair, picking garbage (कूड़ा करकट) are seen as tasks that are of less
value and people who do this work are seen as dirty or impure (अपवित्र).
4. This
belief is an important aspect of the caste system.
5. In
the caste system, communities/ groups of people were placed in a sort of ladder
(सीढ़ी) where each caste was either above or below the other.
6. Those
who placed themselves at the top of this ladder called themselves upper caste
and saw themselves as superior (श्रेष्ठ).
7.
The groups who were placed at the
bottom of the ladder were seen as unworthy (अयोग्य) and called "untouchables (अछूत)".
Fighting
for Equality
2.
The
underprivileged (सुविधा से वंचित) section wanted equal access (पहुँच) to all
resources & opportunities.
4. Peasants
(किसान) and tribals (जनजातीय) fought to release themselves from
the grasp (पकड़) of the moneylender (साहूकार) and the high interest they were charged.
5.
The
people who wrote down constitution were aware (जानकार) of the
inequalities (ऊंचनीच) existing in
the society.
6.
Many
people like Dr B.R. Ambedkar had experience of discrimination.
7. The
constitution of India provides the following
·
Equal rights have been given to all
without any discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, gender.
·
People are free to choose the kind
of work they wish to do.
·
All Indians are equal in the eyes of
the law.
·
There is also provision of
protection from any form of exploitation (शोषण). E.g. children below 14 years of age cannot be engaged in doing
work & provided free education.
·
Since India is a secular (धर्म से संबंध न रखनेवाला) country, everybody is free to
follow the religion of their choice & celebrate (उत्सव मनाना) their festivals (त्यौहार).
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