Diversity with notes (हिंदी में) || Class 6 Chapter 1 Politics ||
Class
6 Chapter 1
Diversity
3. We
speak different languages (भाषा),
have various (भिन्न-भिन्न) types of food, celebrate different
festivals (त्यौहार), practise different religions (धर्म).
4.
Differences may be classified as
Economic & Social differences
Economic Differences
1.
It creates differences in amount of
money that people have.
Caste system
2. Our
Government made laws to show that all human beings are born equal & they
should enjoy equal opportunities (सुविधा or मौक़ा) like Article 14 (Equality (समानता) before law & equal protection (बचाव) before law).
Gender bias
3. Many
villages and cities are not welcomed.
4.
Government made many laws like
Article 15 (State shall not discriminate (भेदभाव) on basis of religion (धर्म), race (जाति), caste or birth of place) &
Article 17 (abolition (समाप्ति) of Untouchability (छुआछूत))
Unity in diversity
2. Jawaharlal
Nehru also mentioned in his book “The Discovery of India” about diversity.
3.
India's national anthem (गान), composed (रचना) by Rabindranath Tagore, is another
expression of the unity of India.
Rise in Mixed Influences
1.
It started due to the natural disasters
(तबाही) like floods (बाढ़) & droughts (सूखा), wars, forced migration (To move
from one place to other).
Influences of foreigners
1.
Many foreigners visited like Hieum
Tsang, Vasco da Gama & Britishers & many others.
2. They
brought their culture & traditions with them.
3. Their
religions, languages & dresses were introduced here.
4. When the British ruled India, women and men
from different cultural, religious and regional backgrounds came together to
oppose (विरोध करना) them
How do we explain
Diversity?
1. When the train, aeroplane, bus or car
became a part of our lives, people travelled from one part of the world to
another, in ships, on horses, on camels or on foot.
2.
Often (अक्सर), they
went in search of new lands, or new places to settle in, or for people to trade
with.
3.
So their
languages, food, music and religions (धर्म) mixed,
and it created new & different cultures (संस्कृति).
4.
Some
historical (ऐतिहासिक) and
geographical (भौगोलिक) factors
influence the diversity of a region.
5.
We will study here life in two
different parts of the country, Kerala and Ladakh
Ladakh
1.
It
is a desert in the mountains in the eastern part of Jammu and
Kashmir.
2. Very
little agriculture is possible here since this region does not receive any rain
and is covered in snow (बर्फ).
3. There
are very few trees that can grow in the region.
5. People
here keep sheep and goats.
6. The
goats in this region are special because they produce pashmina wool & it is
very costly.
8. Each
family owns some goats, cows and dzos (yak-cows).
10. Buddhism
reached Tibet via Ladakh which is also called little Tibet.
11. Islam
was introduced in this region & has more Muslim population live here.
12.
Ladakh has a very rich oral
tradition (परम्परा) of songs and poems like Kesar Saga are performed and sung
by both Muslims and Buddhists.
Kerala
1.
It is surrounded by the sea on one
side and hills on the other.
2. A
number of spices (मसाला) like pepper (काली मिर्च), cloves (लौंग) and cardamoms (इलायची) are grown on the hills.
3. Spices
made this region an attractive place for traders.
4. Many
Arab traders also came and settled down here.
5. The
Portuguese discovered the sea route to India from Europe when Vasco da Gama
landed with his ship here.
6. The
fishing nets used here look exactly like the Chinese fishing nets and are
called cheena-vala.
7. Even
the utensil (बरतन) used for frying is called the cheenachatti, and it is believed
that the word cheen
could have come from China.
8.
The fertile (उपजाऊ) land and climate are suited to
growing rice and a majority of people here eat rice, fish and vegetables.
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