Understanding Secularism with notes (हिंदी में) || Class 8 Chapter 2 Political Science ||
Chapter – 2 Class – 8
Understanding Secularism
1. India adopted a strategy of separating (अलग करना) the power of
religion (धर्म) and the power
of the State.
2. It means not to interfere (दखल देना) of religious matters relating to
politics, society, education etc
3. A secular country does not promote any
particular religion.
4. E.g. in
Germany, Hitler persecuted (अत्याचार करना) on Jews (यहूदी) & several
millions were killed on the basis of religion
5. In Jewish State of
Israel treats its own Muslim and Christian minorities quite badly.
6. In Saudi Arabia, non-Muslims are not allowed to
build a temple, church etc.,
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Why is it Important to Separate Religion
from the State?
1.
If this majority religious group has
access (पहुँच) to State power, then it could quite easily use this power and
financial resources to discriminate (पक्षपात करना) and persecute (अत्याचार करना) persons of other religions.
2. There
are three reasons as given below
·
Smooth functioning of democracy – For proper
working of the democratic system, it is important to separate religion from
state.
·
To protect fundamental rights – To
preserve (सुरक्षित रखना) the liberty (आजादी) of all citizens & everyone should be free to join or leave any
religion
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Secularism
in India
1. According to the Constitution, only a secular
State can realise its objectives (उद्देश्य) to ensure the following:
·
Some members do
not dominate other members of the same religious community;
·
State does not
enforce (थोपना) any particular religion nor take away (घटाना) the religious freedom of individuals.
3.
First, Indian
state does not support any religion
4.
Second, to
promote the idea of secularism is through the policy of non-interference (बीच में न आना).
5. It means that government respects the outlook (दृष्टिकोण) of all religious communities & does
not interfere in their customs (रिवाज) & practices (पेशा).
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Comparison between India & other democratic
countries
1. Like the India constitution, American
constitution declares that there is no official religion & no religion can
be given special status from the state.
2.
American
constitution strictly prohibits (मना करना) both the state
& religion from interfering in each other’s affairs
3. The Indian government intervenes (हस्तक्षेप करना) in religious
affairs also if the practices are unjust (अन्यायपूर्ण) & exploitation
(शोषण) of the weaker section of the society.
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