Democracy in the Contemporary world with notes in hindi || Class 9 Chapter 1 Politics ||
Chapter
1
Democracy in the Contemporary World
TWO TALES OF DEMOCRACY
1. Salvador Allende was the President of Chile (in South America).
2. He gave the speech
on the morning of 11 September 1973, when his government was overthrown (तख्ता पलट देना) by the military.
4. He led (नेतृत्व करना) the “Popular Unity”
coalition (गठबंधन) to victory in the
presidential election in 1970.
5. After being elected the President, Allende had taken several
policy decisions to help the poor and the workers.
6. These included reform (सुधार) of the educational
system, free milk for children and redistribution of land to the landless
farmers.
7. He stopped foreign companies to taking away (ले जाना) natural resources
like copper from the country.
9. Some other political parties in Chile also opposed his
government.
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Military Coup of 1973
5. But realising (अहसास होना) the danger to the
country and to his life, he gave speech on the radio to the people.
7. President Allende died in the military attack.
9. A government elected by people was overthrown (तख्ता पलट देना) by the military
through conspiracy (षड्यंत्र) and violence (हिंसा).
12. The government of the USA was unhappy with Allende’s rule and they
helped and funded to the coup.
13. Pinochet became the President of the country and ruled it for
the next 17 years.
14. They could do as they wanted and no one could question them.
16. Pinochet’s government tortured (दुःख देना) and killed several
of those who supported Allende and those who wanted democracy to be restored (पुन: स्थापित).
17. These included General Alberto Bachelet of the Chilean Air Force
and many other officers who refused to join the coup.
19. More than 3,000 people were killed by the military & many
more were ‘missing’.
20. No one knows what happened to them.
Restoration of Democracy
1. Pinochet’s military dictatorship came to an end after he decided
to hold a referendum
(जनमत-संग्रह) in 1988.
2. He was confident that in this referendum, the people would say
‘yes’ to his continuing in power.
5. This led to Pinochet losing first his political and then his
military powers.
6. People took revenge (बदला लेना) from the felony (अपराध); cowardice (कायरता) and treason (देशद्रोह) & ...
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