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What is Democracy? Why Democracy? with notes in hindi || Class 9 Chapter 2 Politics ||


                                       



Chapter 2
What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
WHAT IS DEMOCRACY
1.       Democracy is a form of government in which the rulers are elected by the people.
2.       This is a useful definition for the democracy.
3.       The army rulers of Myanmar are not elected by the people.
4.       Those who control the army become the rulers of the country.
5.       Dictators (अनन्य शासक) like Pinochet are not elected by the people.
6.       This also applies to monarchies (राजा).
7.       The kings of Nepal and Saudi Arabia rule not because the people have chosen them but because they born into the royal family.
8.       This simple definition is not enough (काफी).
9.       It reminds (याद दिलाना) us that democracy is people’s rule.
10.   But if we use this definition without thinking then we would have to calling almost every government democratic that holds an election.
11.   That would be very misleading (धोखा देना).
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FEATURES OF DEMOCRACY
1.       Democracy is a form of government in which the rulers are elected by the people.
2.       This raises many questions:
3.       Who are the rulers in this definition?
4.       Which officials (अधिकारी) must be elected for any government to be called a democracy?
5.       Which decisions may be taken by nonelected officials in a democracy?
6.       What kind of election constitutes (बनाना) a democratic election?
7.       What conditions (शर्त) must be fulfilled (पूरा करना) for an election to be considered democratic?
8.       Who are the people who can elect the rulers or get elected as rulers?
9.       Should every citizen include on an equal basis?  
10.   Finally, what kind of a form of government is democracy?
11.   Can elected rulers do whatever they want in a democracy?
12.   Or must a democratic government work with some limits?
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Major decisions by elected leaders
1.       In Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf led a military coup (तख्ता पलट) in October 1999.
2.       He overthrew (पद से निकालना) a democratically elected government and declared himself the ‘Chief Executive’ of the country.
3.       Later he changed his post to President and in 2002 held a referendum (जनमत-संग्रह) in the country that granted him a 5 year extension.
4.       Pakistani media, human rights organisations and democracy activists said that the malpractices (अपराध) and fraud (धोखा) included in referendum.
5.       In August 2002 he issued a ‘Legal Framework Order’ that amended (संशोधन करना) the Constitution of Pakistan.
6.       According to this Order, the President can dismiss (हटा देना) the national and provincial assemblies.
7.       After passing this law, elections were held (आयोजन करना) to the national and provincial assemblies.
8.       So elected representatives have some ...

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